(Akiit.com) On Sunday, when more than 200 Major League Baseball players wear No. 42 jerseys to honor the 60th anniversary of Jackie Robinson breaking the color barrier in the national pastime, it will be a reminder of past promises and a troubling present.
The commemoration of Robinson’s historic debut will recall an elaborate ceremony 10 years ago, when MLB retired Robinson’s number across the majors and Commissioner Bud Selig emphasized baseball’s push to hire more minorities.
Sunday’s tributes also will put a spotlight on an uncomfortable question for baseball: Is Robinson’s legacy within the game fading?
The percentage of African-Americans in the majors has dropped sharply during the last decade and now is the lowest it has been since the 1960s — 8.3%, or 72 players on opening-day rosters, according to a USA TODAY study that includes injured players.
The percentage of blacks in key front-office, managing and coaching positions hasn’t increased during the last decade. Even MLB’s central office, with about 470 employees mostly in New York, has a smaller percentage of blacks than it did in 1997. However, two of MLB’s five executive vice presidents — positions created since 1997 — are black.
Robinson, who kept crusading for equal opportunity for the disadvantaged after his playing career ended in 1956, probably would not accept this situation, his widow says.
“He was always impatient for change and a fighter for change,” Rachel Robinson says. “He would think the struggle is still on, and he would not be satisfied with where we are.”
“Are we where we should be? No. We’ve got a lot of work to do,” says Jimmie Lee Solomon, MLB executive vice president for baseball operations and an African-American. “Are we working on it? Yeah, we’re working hard on it.”
MLB is trying to boost blacks’ participation with urban initiatives on several fronts, including its Diverse Business Partners Program and Reviving Baseball in the Inner Cities (RBI), a youth program that helped lead current big-leaguers Dontrelle Willis of the Florida Marlins and Coco Crisp of the Boston Red Sox to pro careers.
But the efforts are not gaining much traction in addressing a range of problems, particularly baseball’s growing disconnect with African-American youths and sports fans, who continue to be more interested in football and basketball.
A Harris Interactive survey released in January found only 7% of African-American adults said baseball was their favorite sport. This comes at a time of growth for other minorities on the field; nearly one in three MLB players is Latino or Asian. Their increased presence has pushed the overall percentage of minority players to 40.5% this year, the highest ever.
But as the number of African-American players dwindles, the effect eventually could reverse gains made in increasing blacks’ presence in front office and coaching positions in baseball.
“I don’t doubt that opportunities will be provided,” says Chicago White Sox senior vice president-general manager Ken Williams, the majors’ only African-American GM. “But my concern is with the dwindling number of participants on the African-American front. As we move forward in future years, there will be fewer people in the pipeline. So how will those numbers grow? … Where are the candidates going to come from?”
Baseball has made significant progress in its overall diversity in the last 10 years. It received its highest marks ever in the recently released 2006 Major League Baseball Racial and Gender Report Card from the University of Central Florida’s Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport, which annually examines the racial and gender composition of pro and college personnel in various sports.
But MLB’s scorecard for African-Americans shows no home runs:
The percentage of African-American players has continued to decline, dropping by 50% since 1997, according to the Institute’s report. The overall figure was about 27% in 1975 and 17% in 1997.
There are two African-American managers this year (the New York Mets’ Willie Randolph and the Texas Rangers’ Ron Washington). That’s one fewer than in 1997, although during the last 10 years, there have been as many as eight in one season (2002). The percentage of African-American coaches is essentially the same, 14%-18% in 1996-97, 16% in 2006. Representation in the general manager’s office is unchanged: one (Bob Watson of the New York Yankees was the lone black GM in 1997).
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Tags: African Americans, Baseball, Black Kids, Bob Nightengale, Jackie Robinson, Jackie Robinsons legacy, Major League Baseball players, Mike Dodd, MLB, USA TODAY